What Are The Four Categories Of Clutch?
Release Date:30/12/2019
What are the four major categories of clutches in the country at present? Xiaobian categorizes them for you and hopes to help you!
The clutch is divided into an electromagnetic clutch, a magnetic powder clutch, a friction clutch, and a fluid coupling. Mechanical parts that can engage or disengage the driving shaft and the driven shaft at any time according to work requirements. It can be used to control the start, stop, speed change and reversal of the drive system of the machine.
There are many types of clutches, which can be divided into:
① Controlled clutch. The operating methods are mechanical, electromagnetic, pneumatic, and hydraulic, such as embedded clutches (transmitting torque through the fit of teeth, teeth, or keys), friction clutches (transmitting torque using friction), and air flexible clutches (using Compressed air tires expand and contract to manipulate the clutches that are engaged or disengaged by the friction parts), electromagnetic slip clutches (generating magnetic force with exciting current to transmit torque), and magnetic powder clutches (magnetizing magnetic powder with exciting coils to form magnetic powder chains to transmit torque).
② Automatic clutch. Use simple mechanical methods to automatically complete the engagement or disengagement action. It is also divided into safety clutches (the transmission shaft can be automatically separated when the transmission torque reaches a certain value to prevent overload and prevent important parts of the machine from being damaged), centrifugal clutches (when the drive shaft When the speed reaches a certain value, due to the effect of centrifugal force, the transmission shafts can be self-coupled or separated after exceeding a certain speed), directional clutches (also known as overrunning clutches, using ratchet-pawl engagement or rollers, wedges The wedging action transmits motion or torque in one direction. When the driving shaft is reversed or the speed is lower than the driven shaft, the clutch is automatically released).
1. Electromagnetic clutch
2. Magnetic powder clutch
The magnetic powder is placed between the driving and the driven parts. When the power is not applied, the magnetic powder is in a loose state. When the power is applied, the magnetic powder is combined. Advantages: The torque can be adjusted by adjusting the current, allowing for large slip. Disadvantages: large temperature rise when the slip is large, and the relative price is high
Slip type electromagnetic clutch: When the clutch is working, there must be a certain speed difference between the master and slave parts for torque transmission. The amount of torque depends on the strength of the magnetic field and the difference in speed. The excitation current remains unchanged, and the speed decreases sharply with increasing torque; when the torque remains unchanged, the excitation current decreases, and the speed decreases even more severely.
The slip type electromagnetic clutch has no mechanical connection between the main and driven parts, no wear and tear, no magnetic powder leakage, and no impact. Adjusting the excitation current can change the speed and use it as a continuously variable transmission. This is its advantage. The main disadvantage of this clutch is that the eddy current in the rotor generates heat, which is proportional to the speed difference. The efficiency is very low when running at low speed, the efficiency value is the main, and the speed ratio of the driven shaft is η = n2 / n1
The mechanical transmission system suitable for high-frequency operation can combine or separate the driven part and the active part when the active part is running.
When the driving member and the driven member are in a separated state, the driving member is rotated, and the driven member is stationary; the driving member and the driven member are in an engaged state, and the driven member is driven to rotate. Widely used in machine tools, packaging, printing, textiles, light industry, and office equipment. Electromagnetic clutches are generally used in environments where the ambient temperature is -20-50%, humidity is less than 85%, and there is no explosion danger. The coil voltage fluctuation does not exceed ± 5% of the rated voltage.
3. Friction clutch
At present, a friction clutch (referred to simply as a friction clutch) compressed by a spring is widely used in automobiles. Most clutches that cooperate with manual transmissions are dry friction clutches, which are divided into single-disc, double-disc and multi-disc types according to the number of driven discs. According to other standards, friction clutches are divided into two types: wet and dry. Wet friction clutches are generally multi-disc, immersed in oil for heat dissipation. A number of coil springs are used as compression springs, and the clutches distributed along the circumference of the pressure plate are called peripheral cloth spring clutches. A clutch that uses a diaphragm spring as a compression spring is called a diaphragm spring clutch.
4. Hydraulic coupling
Hydraulic couplings rely on working fluid (oil) to transmit torque, and the casing is connected to the pump wheel as a whole. It is the driving element; the turbine is opposite to the pump wheel and is the driven element. When the speed of the pump wheel is low, the turbine cannot be driven, and the driving part and the driven part are in a separated state; as the speed of the pump wheel increases, the turbine is driven, and the driving part and the driven part are in an engaged state.
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